| Chapter 11 –  | 
                                          Denial-of-Service Attacks | 
                                        
                                     
                                        
                                    Diane E. (Dione) Levine 
                                        
                                    Gary C. Kessler
  Chapter Contents:
 
 
                                       
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                                          11.1 | 
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                                          Introduction
                                                 
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                                          11.2 | 
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                                          Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                 
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                                          11.2.1 | 
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                                          History of Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                   
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                                          11.2.2 | 
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                                          Costs of Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                   
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                                          11.2.3 | 
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                                          Types of Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                   
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                                          11.2.4 | 
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                                          Specific Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                   
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                                          11.2.4.1 | 
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                                          Destructive Devices
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.2 | 
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                                          E-mail (and E-mail Subscription) Bombing
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.3 | 
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                                          Buffer Overflow
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.4 | 
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                                          [Bandwidth] Consumption
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.5 | 
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                                          Routing and Domain Name System Attacks
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.6 | 
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                                          SYN Flooding
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.7 | 
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                                          Resource Starvation
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.8 | 
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                                          Java
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.9 | 
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                                          Router Attacks
                                                     
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                                          11.2.4.10 | 
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                                          Other Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                     
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                                          11.2.5 | 
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                                          Preventing and Responding to Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                   
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                                          11.3 | 
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                                          Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks
                                                 
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                                          11.3.1 | 
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                                          Short History of Distributed Denial of Service
                                                   
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                                          11.3.2 | 
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                                          Distributed Denial-of-Service Terminology and Overview
                                                   
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                                          11.3.3 | 
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                                          Distributed Denial-of-Service Tool Descriptions
                                                   
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                                          11.3.3.1 | 
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                                          Trinoo (Trin00)
                                                     
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                                          11.3.3.2 | 
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                                          Tribe Flood Network
                                                     
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                                          11.3.3.3 | 
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                                          Stacheldrah
                                                     
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                                          11.3.3.4 | 
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                                          TFN2K
                                                     
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                                          11.3.3.5 | 
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                                          Other Types of Distributed Denials of Service
                                                     
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                                          11.3.3.6 | 
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                                          Denial of Service Using Exploitable Software
                                                     
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                                          11.3.4 | 
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                                          Defenses against Distributed Denials of Service
                                                   
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                                          11.3.4.1 | 
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                                          User and System Administrator Actions
                                                     
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                                          11.3.4.2 | 
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                                          Local Network Actions5
                                                     
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                                          11.3.4.3 | 
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                                          Internet Service Provider Actions
                                                     
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                                          11.3.4.4 | 
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                                          Code Red/NIMDA Defensive Actions
                                                     
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                                          11.3.4.5 | 
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                                          Other Tools under Development or Consideration
                                                     
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                                          11.4 | 
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                                          Management Issues
                                                 
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                                          11.5 | 
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                                          Note
                                                 
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                                          11.6 | 
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                                          Suggested Resources
                                                 
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